| 贾明华,季梵.基于区块链的图书馆文献受赠可信追溯系统构建研究[J].数字图书馆论坛,2026,22(6):49~58 |
| 基于区块链的图书馆文献受赠可信追溯系统构建研究 |
| Research on Construction of Blockchain-Based Trustworthy Traceability System for Library Donated Literature |
| 投稿时间：2026-05-28 |
| DOI：10.3772/j.issn.1673–2286.2026.06.005 |
| 中文关键词: 区块链；图书馆；文献受赠；可信追溯；智能合约 |
| 英文关键词: Blockchain; Library; Literature Donation; Trustworthy Traceability; Smart Contract |
| 基金项目:本研究得到北京大学图书馆创新案例“从‘被动接收’到‘主动赋能’：受赠工作改革创新实践”（编号：6309900289/066）资助。 |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 贾明华 | 北京大学图书馆 | | 季梵 | 北京大学图书馆 |
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| 摘要点击次数: 8 |
| 全文下载次数: 7 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 文献受赠是图书馆馆藏建设的重要补充渠道，但捐赠来源确权模糊、流转记录易被篡改、文献去向难以追踪的问题长期存在，致使各主体间的信任基础薄弱，而效率导向的管理平台难以解决以上问题。本研究基于分布式信任理论，针对文献受赠来源、接收与流转三个环节中所有权真实性核验缺失、入藏鉴定记录存证效力不足、处置协议执行缺乏监督等风险，提出一种基于区块链的图书馆文献受赠可信追溯系统。系统采用六层架构：数据层建立文献数字身份并链上锚定；网络层由多角色节点构成联盟链；共识层采用实用拜占庭容错机制；合约层部署三类智能合约，实现合规审查前移；应用层提供流转图谱等交互界面；安全与运维层以链上哈希与链下加密存储保障隐私安全。本研究通过场景化流程推演模拟系统运行逻辑，验证系统能保障流转记录的真实、完整与不可篡改，实现来源可查、去向可追、责任可究，能够为构建图书馆可信受赠服务体系提供理论依据与实践参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Literature donation constitutes an important supplementary channel for library collection development. However, long-standing challenges such as ambiguous ownership confirmation of donation sources, tamper-vulnerable circulation records, and difficulties in tracing document destinations have undermined the trust foundation among multiple stakeholders, which cannot be resolved by efficiency-oriented management platforms. Based on distributed trust theory, this study proposes a blockchain-based trustworthy traceability system to address risks existing in three phases of literature donation, namely source, reception and circulation, including inadequate verification of ownership authenticity, insufficient evidential effect of accession appraisal records, and lack of supervision over the implementation of disposal agreements. The system adopts a six-layer architecture. At the data layer, digital identities of donated documents are created and anchored on-chain. At the network layer, a consortium blockchain is composed of multi-role nodes. At the consensus layer, the Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) mechanism is implemented. At the contract layer, three types of smart contracts are deployed to realize forwardmoving compliance review. At the application layer, interactive interfaces including circulation graphs are provided. At the security and operation layer, onchain hash values combined with off-chain encrypted storage are employed to ensure privacy security. Through scenario-based process deduction to simulate the system’s operational logic, this study shows that the system can guarantee the authenticity, integrity and immutability of circulation records. It achieves traceable sources, trackable destinations and accountable liabilities, and provides theoretical basis and practical reference for constructing a trustworthy donation service system for libraries. |
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