| 吴海婷,董克,贾呈华,吴佳纯.技术知识基础跨度对专利颠覆性的影响研究[J].数字图书馆论坛,2026,22(3):56~65 |
| 技术知识基础跨度对专利颠覆性的影响研究 |
| Research on The Impact of Technological Knowledge Base Span on Patent Disruptiveness |
| 投稿时间：2026-01-20 |
| DOI：10.3772/j.issn.1673–2286.2026.03.007 |
| 中文关键词: 技术知识基础跨度；专利颠覆性；D指数；专利评价 |
| 英文关键词: Technological Knowledge Base Span; Patent Disruptiveness; D-index; Patent Evaluation |
| 基金项目:本研究得到国家社会科学基金重大项目“基于数智融合的信息分析方法创新与应用研究”（编号：22&ZD326）资助。 |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 吴海婷 | 南京大学数据管理创新研究中心 | | 董克 | 南京大学数据管理创新研究中心；南京大学图书馆 | | 贾呈华 | 南京大学数据管理创新研究中心 | | 吴佳纯 | 南京大学数据管理创新研究中心 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 专利的技术知识基础跨度指专利所吸收技术知识的时间跨度与技术领域覆盖程度。为探究技术知识基础跨度对专利颠覆性的影响，本研究以美国专利商标局授权发明专利为样本，采用D指数测度专利颠
覆性，从时间和领域两个维度构建专利的技术知识基础跨度测度指标，并综合运用描述性统计、逻辑回归和最小二乘回归进行实证分析。结果表明，技术知识基础跨度在时间维度与领域维度上均对专利颠覆性存在显著影响：在时间维度上，引证专利的时效性越高、平均引用年龄越大、时间覆盖广度越小，专利颠覆性越高；在领域维度上，引证专利的领域丰富性越低、均衡性越高、差异性越大，专利颠覆性越高。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| A patent’s technological knowledge base span captures both the temporal range and the field breadth of the prior art it builds on. To explore how this span shapes patent disruptiveness, this study draws on a sample of USPTO granted invention patents and measures disruptiveness with the D index. Indicators of the technological knowledge base span are then constructed from the temporal and field dimensions based on backward citations. Descriptive statistics, logistic regression, and OLS regression are then employed for the empirical analysis. The results show that the technological knowledge base span exerts significant effects on patent disruptiveness in both dimensions. In the temporal dimension, patents that draw on more recent prior art, carry a larger mean citation age, and pull from a narrower time window tend to be more disruptive. In the field dimension, patents that cite fewer distinct fields, distribute their citations more evenly across those fields, and exhibit greater disparity among the fields they cite are associated with higher disruptiveness. |
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